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Mount Hermon
Mount Hermon ((アラビア語:جبل الشيخ or جبل حرمون) / ALA-LC: ''Jabal al-Shaykh'' ("Mountain of the Chief") or ''Jabal Haramun''; (ヘブライ語:הר חרמון), ''Har Hermon'', "Mount Hermon") is a mountain cluster constituting the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range. Its summit straddles the border between Syria and Lebanon〔(ACME Mapper terrain display )〕 and, at 2,814 m (9,232 ft) above sea level, is the highest point in Syria. On the top, in the United Nations buffer zone between Syria and Israeli-occupied territory, is the highest permanently manned UN position in the world, known as "Hermon Hotel". The southern slopes of Mount Hermon extend to the Israeli-occupied portion of the Golan Heights, where the Mount Hermon ski resort is located.〔(The World's 18 Strangest Ski Resorts: The Mount Hermon Ski Resort ), Shannon Hassett, Popular Mechanics〕 A peak in this area rising to 2,236 m (7,336 ft) is the highest elevation in Israeli-controlled territory.
==Geography==
Mount Hermon is actually a cluster of mountains with three distinct summits, each about the same height. The Anti-Lebanon range, of which Mount Hermon constitutes the southernmost part, extends for approximately in a northeast-southwest direction, running parallel to the Lebanon range on the west. The Hermon range covers an area of about 1000 square km, of which about 70 km² are under Israeli control. Most of the portion of Mount Hermon within the Israeli-controlled area constitutes the Hermon nature reserve.
The mountain forms one of the greatest geographic resources of the area. Because of its height it captures a great deal of precipitation in a very dry area of the world. The Jurassic limestone is broken by faults and solution channels to form a karst topography. Mount Hermon has seasonal winter and spring snow falls, which cover all three of its peaks for most of the year. Melt water from the snow-covered mountain's western and southern bases seeps into the rock channels and pores, feeding springs at the base of the mountain, which form streams and rivers. These merge to become the Jordan River. Additionally, the runoff facilitates fertile plant life below the snow line, where vineyards and pine, oak, and poplar trees are abundant.
The springs, and the mountain itself, are much contested by the nations of the area for the use of the water. Mount Hermon is also called the "snowy mountain," the "gray-haired mountain", and the "mountain of snow". It is also called "the eyes of the nation" in Israel because its elevation makes it Israel's primary strategic early warning system.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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